Piston ring



Nov. 3, 1925. 1,560,093

F. S. OREM PISTON RING Filed March 12 1920 gwucutoa:

E'ederl'ck .Sli'a (in er 038 MM Grumm n,

Patented Nov. 3, 1925.

um'rso STATES PATENT OFFICE- rnnnnmcx s'ranr'rimn 01mm, or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

PISTON RING.

Application 111m larch 12,1920. Sena no. 305,228.

Io all whom it may concern:

- Be it known that I, Fnnonnrcx S'rna'rrnnn OREM, a citizen of. thenUnited States, and

a resident of the city of Baltimore and State v.of .Maryland, have'invented certain new and useful Improvements in Piston Rings, of Y grooveunder all conditions of wear and v the piston; and

period'of use and will prevent the passage of the oil or products of combustion around back of the ring and through the groove.

In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 represents a portion of a cylindier and pistonwith my improved ring in p ace. r

Fig. 2 is a detail view, enlarged.

Fig. 3 is a view of the Fig. 4 represents the two members of the ring. p

-In carrying out my invention','the piston is provided with a groove extending circumferentially, having one wall 1 arranged in a plane at right an les to the axis of the piston, and the other sidewall 2 is arranged in aplane at an inclination to the axis of the piston or in a conical plane. This providesv a groove which is wider at its face or back rtion 3 than it-is at its mouth, and in this groove the two parts 4 and 5 comosing the ring are placed.' The member 1s rectangular in cross section and thus pro videsone face to fit flat against the face or side wall 1 of the groove and the other member 5 of the composite ring has one face, indicated at 6, to lie-in a plane at;right angles to the piston and hence this face will fit flat against the face 7 of the member 4.

The side face 8 of the member .5 is inclined so as to fit flat upon the. inclined side 7 wall of the groove at 2. 'Each member of the ring is split and is of spring character tending constantly to 0 en and thus maintain contact with the cy inder wall.

It will be clear that a ring so constituted willtake up wear that may occur upon the side walls of the groove and the ring will have a constant compensatin action in connection with any wear that ta es place either upon the side walls of the groove or between ring detached from the contactin themselves. s the groove wears wider and the rings wear narrower, the wedge-shaped ring will follow up this wearing action by pressing or springing outwardly, thus keepmg its inclined wall against the inclined face of the groove, and at the same time,

pressing the rectangular rin member against the opposite wall of t e groove.

By thus maintaining full contact between the ring members and also between these members and the side walls of the groove,

leakage of the fuel or lubricating oil through the groove at the back of the piston ring will be prevented.

faces of the ring members The wedge-shaped ring should be about one two-thousandth (1/2000) of an inch smaller in diameter than the square or rectangular ring when first installed in the piston and cylinder. After'the cylinder and rings havebeen in use ,for a short time and have become smooth, the wedgeshaped ring will also become operative againstthe cylinder wall and will supplement thesealing action of the main section of the ring at this point.

The rectangular ring is made. in the usual way, that is, it is turned slightly larger in diameter than the cylinder. 'It is then cut and closed and ground to fit the cylinder.

The wedge ring is machined in a similar way but is turned a little larger in diameter than the square ring and iscut and closed and ground on its exterior. The purpose of turning the wedge ring larger in diameter than-the square ring is to place the wedge ring under a greater degree of tension'than the square ring because it is the function of the wedge ring to exert a wedging action against the square ring to. keep .it seated against the groove wall, and also this wedge ring aids or supplements the sprin action of the main ring. Of course, w en the Y wedge ring is turned larger than the square rin there will be a wider opening in the we ge ring when out so that when this is closed and positioned in the cylinder, it will naturally provide considerable tension on this account.

The two ring members may be interlocked in any suitable way toprevent the creeping of one in relation to the other, and as one means of accomplishing this, I employ a pin 9'fon the wedge ring entering the notch 10 formed at the split portion of the main ring.

What I claim is:

In combination, a piston for internal combustion engines having a single groove for receiving packing, said groove in cross section having one wall in a plane at ri ht angles to the axis. of the piston andhavmg its opposite wall inclined to-said axis and "convergent with the wall first mentioned towards the mouth of-the groove, both of the said walls together with the bottom wall being imperforate, and two rings located in said groove, each of which is a. split spring ring, one of said rings being rectangular in cross section and fitting'against the said ri ht angular side of the groove, and the other of said rings 'being wedge shape, with conforming to and fitting against the inclined side of said groove, both of said rings having comparatively broad outer faces to bear on the cylinder wall the wedge ring being of greater tension than the square ring, both of said spring rings occupying a space no wider than the groove of the piston, and with the lateral ring face nearest to the combustion chamber extending substantially in the .plane of the upper wall of the groove clear to the cylinder wall 'substantially as described. a

In testimony whereof, I afiix my si ature.

FREDERICK STRATTNER 0 EM. 

